Post-revolutionary Russia; ideology and administration
Keywords:
ПОСТРЕВОЛЮЦИОННАЯ РОССИЯ, POST-REVOLUTIONARY RUSSIA, НОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА, NEW ECONOMIC POLICY, ИДЕОЛОГИЯ, IDEOLOGY, УПРАВЛЕНИЕ, MANAGEMENT, ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТЬ, INDUSTRY, СЕЛЬСКОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВО, AGRICULTURE, РАБОЧИЕ, WORKERS, КРЕСТЬЯНЕ, PEASANTS, НЭПМАНЫ, NEPMENAbstract
The author criticizes idea that the Bolshevik NEP could be a real alternative to Stalinism. In the 1920th the Bolshevist leadership was torn between dogma of world revolution and the compelled need «building socialism in one, separately taken country». Supporters of a course on world revolution were greatly disoriented. For fanatical revolutionaries the New Economic Policy was tantamount to surrender. Therefore they were adjusted on desperate fight against it within the party. On the contrary, their opponents hoped for bourgeois «regeneration» of the Bolshevism. Masses, in return, was extremely dissatisfied with their social situation. There was a situation of pseudomorphic development. All this hampered the acceptance of optimal management decisions. As the result, sharp turn to collectivization became the inevitable.