Spiritual and moral justification of patriotism in Russian philosophy of the second half of the 19th and first half of the 20th centuries
Abstract
The article analyzes the phenomenon of patriotism through the prism of the tradition of Russian philosophical thought in the second half of the 19th – first half of the 20th centuries. Various interpretations of the concept of «patriotism» presenting in the scientific literature are considered, and its characteristic features as a traditional value of modern Russia are highlighted. To understand the nature and essence of patriotism, the conceptions of Russian philosophers K.N. Leontiev, V.S. Solovyov, N.A. Berdyaev, I.A. Ilyin, directly or indirectly affecting this issue, are used. The consideration ranges from analyzing the relations of patriotism with the phenomena of the Motherland and the people, substantiating its significance for human and society, to clarifying the correlation between patriotism and nationalism, patriotism and spirituality, instinctive and spiritual patriotism. The study concludes that the predominance of views on patriotism as a phenomenon of spiritual and moral nature in most conceptions of Russian philosophy. The interpretation of patriotism through the prism of morality and spirituality is recognized as significant for modern Russia. Attracting the wide experience of Russian philosophy helps to clarify the essence of patriotism, to justify it as a moral guideline and traditional value.